Terrestrial gamma ray flashes with energies up to 100 MeV produced by nonequilibrium acceleration of electrons in lightning
Identifieur interne : 000559 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000558; suivant : 000560Terrestrial gamma ray flashes with energies up to 100 MeV produced by nonequilibrium acceleration of electrons in lightning
Auteurs : Sebastien Celestin [États-Unis] ; Wei Xu [États-Unis] ; V. P. Pasko [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics [ 0148-0227 ] ; 2012-05.
Abstract
Using Monte Carlo models simulating energetic electrons in inhomogeneous electric field and the transport of energetic photons in the Earth's atmosphere, we show that the spectrum of bremsstrahlung photons generated by nonequilibrium energetic electrons produced during stepping of lightning leaders can deviate from the typical spectrum of relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREA) developing in weak homogeneous electric fields. This deviation is especially pronounced in the high‐energy tail of the electron energy distribution for lightning leaders possessing high voltages (several hundreds of megavolts) and extremely high fields around their tips. The photon spectrum obtained accurately reproduces the recently discovered high‐energy tail (up to 100 MeV) of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes (TGFs). This analysis provides the first direct evidence that TGFs are produced by lightning and not over large distances in weak thunderstorm electric fields.
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DOI: 10.1029/2012JA017535
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Pasko</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:CE448AB69D6DBC9AFEA2A9D582BABBB727F1B58B</idno><date when="2012" year="2012">2012</date><idno type="doi">10.1029/2012JA017535</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/CE448AB69D6DBC9AFEA2A9D582BABBB727F1B58B/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000689</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">000689</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">000078</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0148-0227:2012:Celestin S:terrestrial:gamma:ray</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000560</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000559</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000559</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Terrestrial gamma ray flashes with energies up to 100 MeV produced by nonequilibrium acceleration of electrons in lightning</title><author><name sortKey="Celestin, Sebastien" sort="Celestin, Sebastien" uniqKey="Celestin S" first="Sebastien" last="Celestin">Sebastien Celestin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Communications and Space Sciences Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Wei" sort="Xu, Wei" uniqKey="Xu W" first="Wei" last="Xu">Wei Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Communications and Space Sciences Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pasko, V P" sort="Pasko, V P" uniqKey="Pasko V" first="V. P." last="Pasko">V. P. Pasko</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Communications and Space Sciences Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region><settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J. Geophys. Res.</title><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-05">2012-05</date><biblScope unit="volume">117</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">A5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="/">n/a</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="/">n/a</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></series><idno type="istex">CE448AB69D6DBC9AFEA2A9D582BABBB727F1B58B</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1029/2012JA017535</idno><idno type="ArticleID">2012JA017535</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Using Monte Carlo models simulating energetic electrons in inhomogeneous electric field and the transport of energetic photons in the Earth's atmosphere, we show that the spectrum of bremsstrahlung photons generated by nonequilibrium energetic electrons produced during stepping of lightning leaders can deviate from the typical spectrum of relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREA) developing in weak homogeneous electric fields. This deviation is especially pronounced in the high‐energy tail of the electron energy distribution for lightning leaders possessing high voltages (several hundreds of megavolts) and extremely high fields around their tips. The photon spectrum obtained accurately reproduces the recently discovered high‐energy tail (up to 100 MeV) of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes (TGFs). This analysis provides the first direct evidence that TGFs are produced by lightning and not over large distances in weak thunderstorm electric fields.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Pennsylvanie</li></region><settlement><li>University Park (Pennsylvanie)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Pennsylvanie"><name sortKey="Celestin, Sebastien" sort="Celestin, Sebastien" uniqKey="Celestin S" first="Sebastien" last="Celestin">Sebastien Celestin</name></region><name sortKey="Pasko, V P" sort="Pasko, V P" uniqKey="Pasko V" first="V. P." last="Pasko">V. P. Pasko</name><name sortKey="Xu, Wei" sort="Xu, Wei" uniqKey="Xu W" first="Wei" last="Xu">Wei Xu</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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